Soil moisture monitoring system analyzes the effect of membrane mulching technology on soil moisture in arid area

December 12, 2023

The primary limiting factor for agricultural development in arid regions is the shortage of water resources. Efficient use of limited water resources, control of soil erosion, and obtaining high and stable yields of crops are the focus of water-saving agriculture in western Liaoning. In recent years, mulching technology has been widely used. It has not only played an important role in dry farming, but also became a major technical measure for achieving high grain yields in dry farming areas. It has also achieved practical results in wind erosion control. The soil moisture monitoring system monitors the soil moisture parameters and finds that crop residue coverage and plastic film coverage can better control wind erosion in winter and spring, conserve water, and increase soil moisture content.

The landform of the experimental area is loess hilly land, and the parent material of the experiment is the Quaternary loess sediment. The classification of the soil system is the name of dry cultivation and leaching, and the ground is relatively flat. The former crop is corn. The soil texture of arable land is silty sandy loam. The average organic matter content is only 10.7g/kg, the relative density of soil is 1.30g/cm3, and the porosity is 48.05%. Soil moisture content is monitored in real time using a soil moisture monitoring system.

In the same period, the soil moisture content of the film-covered treatment increased with depth, and it changed little with time. This is due to the fact that after the autumn filming, the mulch inhibited the evaporation of ground water in the winter and spring, and soil water content in different depths was higher and stable than that in the bare land. Even if the 0~10cm soil layer has a relatively small change in water content with time, it is stable at 15%. This moisture condition can meet the germination needs of seeds and can be sown normally. Therefore, the fall of mulching film can play a role in protecting crops, relieving the conflict between natural precipitation and crop water requirements, and solving the problem of the timely sowing of spring drought.

Soil moisture monitoring system can monitor the change of soil moisture in autumn covered film and soil layer in spring. It can be found that the effect of autumn film coating on soil moisture conservation is obvious. The soil moisture content of 0-30 cm soil layer in the spring of the following year is significantly higher than that of bare soil. The control treatment, this moisture condition can meet the needs of seed germination of corn and other field crops, and can solve the problem of spring sowing due to drought. At the same time, due to the fall film, the bare soil has the protective effect of the mulch, and it also avoids the wind erosion of the area in winter and spring.

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