After China's tire industry experienced a series of twists and turns, such as the decline in sales volume and the drop in raw material costs, the current development is relatively stable. However, the level of development of domestic tire companies is uneven, and the industrial structure of the industry is in urgent need of adjustment. As an essential tool for driving vehicles, tires have a huge market space in China.
Champ Consulting industry analysts pointed out that to achieve healthy and effective growth, the tire industry needs to control production capacity and achieve transformation and upgrading of the industry. In response to the current state's demand for environmental protection, the tire industry is required to adjust to the development of green environmental protection. The development of green tires is the trend of the times, and it is also a must-go road to achieve industrial industrial structure optimization.
At present, there are many small and medium-sized enterprises in the tire industry in China, and the industry cluster is not enough. Many small and medium-sized enterprises are small in scale and disperse in their layout. Market demand determines that their R&D driving is not sufficient. The diversification of industrial capital will accelerate their ability to subdivide and lay out markets, making them unable to carry out market challenges. Competition also leads to the limitation of the development of the entire industry. Therefore, the urgency of product structure adjustment is increasing. Eliminating outdated production capacity and digesting some of the production capacity will cause some bankruptcy tire companies to go bankrupt and change production, which will greatly reduce the burden on the industry and achieve industrial clustering.
The road to green development is a must-go road to realize industrial restructuring of the tire industry. Taking the road of green development can maximize the utilization of resources, eliminate pollution in manufacturing processes, and limit the control of dangerous goods. To successfully realize the green transformation of the tire industry, we should create a good atmosphere for accelerating the development of green, low-carbon, and circular science in the whole society. For the tire industry, the government should play a leading role in demonstration, and priority should be given to environmental protection and fuel saving in official procurement. The green tires guide the concept of green consumption, and at the same time establish a force-resolving mechanism for the green tire legislation, and raise the green tire self-discipline to national laws and regulations.
In the “2014-2017 China Tire Industry Market Survey and Investment Prospects Analysis Reportâ€, Shangpu Consulting stated that the pressure for tire industry transformation has been increasing. On the one hand, we must give full play to the leading role of the government and guide the transformation and upgrading of enterprises through policies. On the other hand, the market should also be given full play of its activity so that all its various factors can be positively manifested, so that competitiveness can be increasingly developed towards science and technology, and it can be developed into a circular economy.
Different from previous years, the domestic rubber market demand this year is particularly "cold." The sharp decline in raw material preparation willingness of tire companies before the year not only caused the seasonal demand season to disappear, but also led directly to rubber traders suffering from "cold catastrophes." I hope that after the Spring Festival, we can usher in the stock market for rubber raw materials for tire manufacturers, but whoever wants to think that good expectations will once again fail, and the “downswing†as a downturn will make rubber traders only hope that they will be completely extinguished. .
Financing plastics business is limited by the increasingly difficult survival of traders in the face of deteriorating living conditions, but also in the relatively weak link of the industry chain. As early as in previous years, most domestic rubber traders will “dispose of homes†and open up “moneyâ€. King" has given up trading principal business and turned to financing sideline, this phenomenon is particularly prominent in Shandong. However, as the country continues to strengthen the rational allocation and management of liquidity resources, and this year's central bank’s “money bag†policy has maintained a tight posture, rubber traders who have been relying on “financing plastics†business and “breading up for a living†will suddenly feel The hardships of living conditions.
The so-called "financing glue" is similar to financing copper. This method can bring the company a few months of cheap funds, and take this money to switch to high-interest markets, you can get the spread income. As the financing plastics business has a higher profit than normal business, it has led other traders who are doing business in a proper manner to follow suit, and at one time financing has become a common phenomenon in the industry. It is estimated that only about 240,000 tons of stocks have been deposited as a result of financing the rubber business in Shandong.
High-yield interbank borrowing leads to high demand for financing. “The terminal demand is not optimistic and banks are not giving renewal funds to make our financing business more and more difficult to do. The sales of goods that are held in hand will not go out and corporate liquidity will be depleted. Even The hardships are not going to survive anymore.†This is the most common sentence I heard during the conversation with many Shandong rubber traders. Indeed, according to a report issued by the China Automobile Dealers Association, China's auto dealership stocks early warning index was 50.5% in January this year, an increase of 10.5 percentage points month-on-month. In February, China's auto dealership stocks early warning index continued its upward trend and rose again. 7.7 percentage points, to 58.2%. Among its sub-indicators, the stock index was 64.8%, an increase of 19.1 percentage points from the previous quarter; the market total demand index was 13.8%, a 32.2% decrease from the previous quarter; the sales index was 20%, a decrease of 24.2% from the previous quarter. Although there were vacation factors in February, compared with previous years, the degree of contraction in terminal demand was far more than market expectations.
In the case of unsatisfactory end-user car consumption, the operating rate of post-holiday tire companies failed to rebound quickly. It is understood that the current operating rate of large-scale tire factories in Shandong is 40-50%, while the operating rate of small-scale tire factories is about 80%, which is less than the same period of previous years. In addition, rubber prices have been declining steadily to aggravate the cautious attitude of merchants for raw material purchases. The decline in the willingness of tire companies to make up the inventory directly led to sharp reductions in the destocking power of rubber traders and Qingdao Bonded Area. According to statistics, as of mid-February, the bonded stock of rubber in the bonded zone was 340,000 tons. If you count implicit stocks, your total stock may exceed 480,000 tons.
Given this situation, the bank’s confidence in continuing to lend to traders has declined, and some have even urged it to repay the loan as soon as possible. The majority of traders are using low-interest funds from banks to invest in high-interest markets. It is difficult to return funds in a short period of time. In the general environment of tight liquidity, high-yield market default events have occurred (borrowing unrecoverable and bad debts ). In the dilemma of not being able to sell inventory and selling loan funds, the traders can only resort to the help of "bridge capital" to cope with bank pressure. The so-called "bridge capital" refers to private short-term borrowing funds and interest is high. It is understood that the capital price of bridges in Shandong has now risen from three-and-a-half years ago to six-tenths of a thousand, which has doubled and translated into an annualized interest rate of 216%. Although the law of drinking and quenching thirst can save a moment, Urgency, but it is no different from the chronic suicide, but also can not improve the status of rubber high inventory.
In the face of high interest-rate funding pressures and depressed demand outlook, some trader companies are already on the verge of bankruptcy, and more and more rubber stocks used to finance plastics businesses have gradually turned into “dead stocks,†which cannot move, triggering rubber stocks. The "high fever" inflammation is still difficult to subside for a time.
According to Gasgoo, the Freedonia Group, a US market research organization, recently released a research report predicting that tire sales worldwide will increase by 4.3% annually in the next few years.
According to the forecast of the Friedonia Group, the annual global sales of tires will increase to 2.9 billion by 2017. From the perspective of the value of tire sales, global tire sales are expected to reach US$276 billion by 2017, and the annual growth rate is expected to be 8%.
The Asia-Pacific region will become the main driving force for the growth of the tire market. The sales volume of tires in the Chinese market in 2012 accounted for 22% of the global market, and it is still growing. In addition, the Indian tire market will also maintain strong growth in the next five years, and is expected to surpass Japan, becoming the third largest tire market in the world.
As for the Japanese market, the country’s tire sales are expected to decline during 2017, affected by shrinking population and declining auto exports. The demand for tires in developed international markets such as Western Europe and North America is expected to maintain growth, but the average annual growth rate is expected to not exceed 2%.
The Friedonia Group expects that the United States will continue to maintain the world’s second-largest tire consumer market, and its tire sales volume is expected to reach 13% of the global total by 2017.
Hoisting Equipment
Heavy equipment is after reclaiming started vertical or perpendicular to both the horizontal stroke, arrive at the destination after unloading, and air travel to taking place to complete a cycle of work, and then a second lifting or handling.
Photo of our Hoisting Equipment:
Working principle
The majority of lifting equipment in reclaiming began vertical or vertical with horizontal stroke
, arrive at the destination after unloading, and air travel to taking place, complete a cycle of work, and then a second lifting or handling. In general, lifting equipment, materials, transport and unloading is carried out in order, the appropriate agencies work is intermittent. From heavy equipment is mainly used for carrying goods, equipped with bucket can be handling coal, ore, grain, bulk materials, with the container after the lifting liquid steel and other materials. Some lifting machines can also be used to carry people. In some occasions, the lifting equipment or the main operating machinery, such as the loading and unloading of materials in the port and station crane is the main operating machinery.
Heavy equipment principle of work Dadatong addition, here is to briefly introduce our daily use most frequently lift works:
The elevator is composed of a walking mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, an electric control mechanism and a supporting mechanism. Hydraulic oil by the vane pump to form a certain pressure, the oil filter, flameproof type solenoid valve, throttle valve, liquid control one-way valve, balance valve in hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the, the liquid cylinder piston upward movement, lifting a heavy object, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the oil return the flameproof type electromagnetic reversing valve back to tank, the rated pressure through the relief valve adjustment, through the pressure table observe the pressure gauge readings.
Liquid cylinder piston downward movement, hydraulic oil through the explosion-proof solenoid directional valve into the upper end of the liquid cylinder, liquid cylinder back to the oil through the balance valve, hydraulic control check valve, throttle valve, explosion-proof solenoid valve back to the fuel tank. In order to reduce the weight of stable, safe and reliable braking, the return oil on the way to set the balance valve, balance circuit, to maintain the pressure, so that the decline in speed is not affected by the weight change, the throttle control flow, control the speed of the lift. In order to ensure the braking safety and reliability, to prevent accidents, increase hydraulic control one-way valve, that is, hydraulic lock, to ensure the safety of the hydraulic pipeline burst when the accident can be locked. Install the voice alarm for overload, overload or fault difference.
Electrical control system through the explosion-proof button SB6 - SB1 to control the motor rotation, explosion-proof solenoid directional valve to keep the load increase or decrease, and through the "LOGO" program to adjust the time delay.
Equipment classification
Lifting equipment according to different structure can be divided into small light lifting equipment, lifts, cranes and other types of overhead monorail system. Light from a small heavy equipment mainly consists of lifting pulley, spreader, Jack, manual hoist, electric hoist and ordinary winch, mostly has the advantages of small volume, light weight, easy to use. In addition to electric hoist and winch, the vast majority of the use of human driven, suitable for the occasion of the work is not heavy. They can be used alone, but also as a crane lifting mechanism. Some light small lifting equipment lifting capacity is very large, such as hydraulic jack up to 750 tons of weight. Lift is mainly used for vertical or near vertical movements, with a fixed lift routes, including elevators, lifting platform, mine hoist and bucket elevator, etc.. Crane is in a certain range of vertical lifting and horizontal lifting of heavy lifting equipment.
Basic organization
The use of various lifting equipment is different, there are a lot of differences in structure, but have to achieve the lifting of the basic movements of the lifting mechanism. Some lifting equipment also has the running mechanism, the variable amplitude mechanism, the revolving mechanism or other special working mechanism. The material can be made of wire rope or lifting chain flexible hanging lifting, but also by the screw or other rigid pieces of lifting.
main features
1) lifting equipment is usually huge structure, complex, can complete the lifting movement, the level of movement. For example, the bridge crane can complete lifting, crane operation and the car running 3 movement; Gantry crane can complete lifting, variable amplitude, rotation and cart running 4 movement. In the course of the operation, it is often the movement of several different directions at the same time, the technology is very difficult. 2) a variety of heavy lifting equipment, the load is changed. Some heavy weighing hundreds of tons but thousands, some objects up to tens of meters, shape is also very irregular, shot, hot melt state, inflammable and explosive dangerous goods such as lifting process is complex and dangerous. 3) most lifting equipment and need to run within the scope of a larger space, some should be installed rail and wheel (such as tower crane, bridge crane); some should be installed tires or tracks on the ground walking (such as automobile hoists, crawler cranes, etc.); some need to walk on the steel wire rope, such as passenger and freight ropeway, activity space is larger than 4) some lifting machinery need directly carrying passengers on the guide rail, a platform or wire rope do lifting movement, such as elevators, lifting platform, its reliability directly affects the personal safety. 5) from exposure to heavy equipment, many parts, and often with hoisting workers directly contact (such as hook, wire rope, etc.), the potential many accidental risk factors. 6) the working environment is complex. From the large integrated iron and steel enterprises to the modern port, construction sites, railway hub, tourism resort, there are heavy machinery in operation; workplace often in case of high temperature, high pressure, flammable and explosive, transmission lines, strong magnetic and risk factors, the equipment and operating personnel formed the threat. 7) in the heavy industry, often need to cooperate with the common. An operation, requires the command, banding, driving and other operators with proficiency, action coordination, mutual care. Operators should have the ability to deal with emergency situations. The close cooperation between multiple operators, there is usually a big difficulty.
Operating procedures
Article 1: all kinds of cranes should be installed, marked with the sign for the mechanical properties, and according to need to install the hoisting limiter, load controller, interlock switch device and rail mounted crane should be placed walking limiter and rail clamping, before use should check the trial lift.
Second: the wire rope in the drum must be arranged neatly, the tail of the card, the work of the minimum retention of more than three.
Third: shall not arbitrarily change the performance of the crane.
Fourth: in the operation of the command to listen to the signal, the signal is unknown or may cause accidents should be suspended operation.
Fifth: when lifting, lifting objects do not have to stop and walk.
Article 6: lifting objects should pull ropes, speed should be uniform, smooth, no suddenly brake and transform the direction and lifting objects should be higher barrier about 0. More than 5 meters, whereabouts should slow light, prevent dumping.
Seventh: when lifting objects, the ban stand on an object.
Article eighth: the establishment of crane maintenance, regular inspection, safety regulations, and earnestly implement the relevant personnel education.
Ninth: bridge crane should be set up full-time driver to drive, there is someone to be responsible for the hook and command (need to have the operating permit). Driving without a license and command.
Tenth: the crane's working place should have enough lighting equipment and smooth transportation channel. Suspended from the head above the suspended.
Eleventh: the obvious part of the crane indicates the maximum weight, prohibit overload use.
Maintenance
No matter what is the industry, in the use of heavy equipment to make a safety check for the lifting equipment and lifting equipment were a repair and maintenance, timely detection of abnormal situation, and timely treatment, ensure heavy machinery safe operation, to avoid any accidents occur. Put some hidden dangers in the bud in the eradication of the state, so that not only is responsible for the progress of the project, but also responsible for the lives and property of the construction personnel.
One, from the following three aspects to ensure the need to check the cause of heavy equipment:
1, check up the heavy equipment all types of protective cover, guardrail, door plate, ladder etc. whether complete, reliable, crane exposure may cause winding wounding, open transmission; coupling, sprocket, a chain, a transmission belt to rotate spare part protective cover, crane passage ladder and may cause personnel exposed parts of the door bar, whether to meet the requirements.
2, the open pit as a crane electrical equipment should be protected rain cover.
3, brake, brake pattern meets the design requirements, the brake pull rod, a spring without fatigue deformation, cracks and defects; pin shaft and the spindle, brake wheel, brake friction or excessive wear, hydraulic brake is oil; brake clearance adjusting system, ability can meet the requirements.
Lifting Equipment,Lifting Gear,Lifting Devices,Hoisting Equipment
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